Electrochemical Based Biosensor Using Multi-layer ZnO Nanostructures for Direct Detection of glucose

Sanjari, Sajjad; Koohsorkhi, Javad; Mehrpooya, Mehdi

doi:10.22034/abec.2025.720380

Electrochemical Based Biosensor Using Multi-layer ZnO Nanostructures for Direct Detection of glucose

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Sajjad Sanjari ¹

Javad Koohsorkhi ¹

Mehdi Mehrpooya ²

¹ Advanced Micro and Nano Fabrication Devices Lab, Department of MEMS and NEMS, School of Intelligent Systems, College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² School of Energy Engineering and Sustainable Resources, College of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22034/abec.2025.720380

Abstract

This article investigates an enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor for glucose detection using hydrothermal zinc oxide. To enhance sensitivity and accelerate electron transfer, multidimensional ZnO nanostructures were implemented within this electrochemical cell on a glass substrate. By employing zinc oxide nanostructures and various electrode configurations, sensitivity increased from 9.45 µAmM^-1cm^-2 to 21.12 µAmM^-1cm^-2. In this article, zinc oxide nanostructures were used in one-layered and multilayered manner, yielding sensitivities of 13.63 µAmM^-1cm^-2 and 21.12 µAmM^-1cm^-2, respectively. The sensor response is around 7.1 seconds and the device covers a valuable diagnostic range due to its low limit of detection and wide operational range (0.002–10 mM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were conducted for the biosensor both without and with the analyte. The maximum current peak observed at a scan rate of 200 mV/s at 60 mV was 70.06 µA for the sample coated with multilayered nanostructures of ZnO. These tests indicated that electron transfer via multilayer nanostructures was superior to that of single-layer nanostructures.

Keywords

Glucose biosensor

Glucose oxidase enzyme

Zinc oxide nanostructures

Amperometry

Cyclic voltammetry

Subjects