Simultaneous Determination of Anions in Water, Plant and Soil Samples by Conductometric-Potentiometric Hybrid Detector System

Apaydın, Elif; Yolcu, Murat

doi:10.22034/abec.2025.721573

Simultaneous Determination of Anions in Water, Plant and Soil Samples by Conductometric-Potentiometric Hybrid Detector System

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Elif Apaydın ¹

Murat Yolcu ²

¹ Giresun University, Center Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Giresun, Türkiye

² Giresun University, Faculty of Science and Art, Chemistry Department, Giresun, Türkiye

10.22034/abec.2025.721573

Abstract

A composite pH sensor based on graphite/quinhydrone by potentiometric flow cells was used for a hybrid detection system that designed conductivity detectors as well as simultaneous detectors in the ion chromatography system. 1.0 mM sodium carbonate solution at 1.0 mL/min flow was used as the eluent in the anion separation system. A simultaneous conductometric-potentiometric hybrid analysis method has been developed for anions (fluoride, bromate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, oxalate, and fumarate). The standard calibration curves for anions were linear with great correlation coefficients. The correlation coefficients (R²) obtained from the calibration curves were 0.9904–0.9984 for potentiometric detector results. Sample analyses have been successfully performed by this method on some water, plant, and soil samples. It is worthy of note that the quantity of oxalate detected in plants is comparable to that of phosphate and sulfate in both detector systems. The paired t-tests were performed for the statistical analysis of the obtained data.

Keywords

Ion chromatography

Potentiometry

Conductometry

pH sensor

Hybrid system

Subjects