Development of Carbon-based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Detection of Anti-Newcastle Disease Virus Antibodies

Smaini, Imane; Maallah, Raja; Oukbab, Mustapha; Oubaouz, Mohamed; Smaini, Mohamed Amine; Najih, Rachida; Chtaini, Abdelilah

doi:10.22034/abec.2025.729840

Development of Carbon-based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Detection of Anti-Newcastle Disease Virus Antibodies

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Imane Smaini

Raja Maallah

mustapha Oukbab

Mohamed Oubaouz

Mohamed Amine Smaini

Rachida Najih

Abdelilah Chtaini

Molecular Electrochemistry & Inorganic Materials Team, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Morocco

10.22034/abec.2025.729840

Abstract

In this work, we developed a sensitive and selective immunosensor for the rapid and accurate detection of antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus. The sensor was fabricated using a carbon paste electrode modified with a secondary antibody–HRP conjugate immobilized via adsorption. The detection mechanism is based on electrical changes induced by biological interactions. Key physical parameters influencing current density were investigated and optimized. The modified electrode exhibited a good linear response to varying concentrations of Newcastle disease virus antibodies, as evaluated primarily using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV).

Keywords

Electrochemical sensor

Modified electrodes

Immunosensor

Carbon paste electrode

Newcastle disease virus

Antibody detection

Cyclic voltammetry

Square wave voltammetry

Linear response

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Subjects